Ecology Water and Aquatic Habitats - 1816 Words

ECOLOGY Ecology is concerned with the study of organisms and their habitats. This includes the interdependence of various populations, their impact on each other and their surroundings, the effect of the surroundings on their behaviour, as well as the ways in which the organisms and the environment change in response to each other. A pond and its inhabitants provide a good example of these interrelationships. A pond contains: a. soil consisting of rock, minerals and dead remains of organisms b. water with minerals c. aquatic plants including algae d. aquatic animals like snails and tadpoles e. bacteria and other microorganisms such as protozoans All these components interact to produce a system called an ecosystem which is constantly†¦show more content†¦Aquatic animals prefer darker waters during the day and ascend to the surface when light intensity is reduced. Flowering of plants also depends on light. pH This determines the acidity or alkalinity of the water in aquatic habitats or the soil in terrestrial habitats. The pH tends to be neutral at a value of 7 and increases if alkaline contents are abundant. Organisms are affected by the pH of their environment. Fresh water mollusks tend to be deficient on waters with a pH less than 6. Wind Winds carry water currents and waves and also rain-bearing clouds. Wind also helps in the dispersal of fruits and seeds and causes pollination in some plants. The drying effect of strong air currents can cause a high rate of transpiration. The fauna and flora of mountains differ due to winds. The windward side of mountains has luscious vegetation while the leeward side is sparsely vegetated. Pressure Pressure varies from the depths of the ocean to the higher altitudes of atmosphere. Atmospheric pressure reduces when one ascends from sea level. Mountainous areas have lower atmospheric pressure than lowlands. AQUATIC ECOLOGICAL FACTORS Salinity is the concentration of dissolved salts in the surrounding environment. Aquatic organisms have to maintain osmotic balance between their body fluids and their aquatic habitats. The concentration of salts in the body of marine animals is close to that in surrounding water. They are therefore able toShow MoreRelatedAquatic Ecology : The Science Of Ecology1555 Words   |  7 PagesAquatic ecology is the science of ecology which concentrates on the study of aquatic ecosystems. This field can be broken out into two divisions: freshwater and marine ecology. Understanding aquatic ecosystems is critical since water is the building block to the survival of all life on earth. Aquatic ecology includes the study of aquatic environments including oceans, lakes, ponds, wetlands, rivers, and streams. Every organism needs energy to live, grow and reproduce. In aquatic ecology, biologistsRead MoreSouthwest Florida Water Management District884 Words   |  4 Pagespleased to submit this response to the Northwest Florida Water Management District s (District) Request for Proposal (RFP) No. 15-003, Contractual Services for Water Resources Evaluations. Pursuant with the RFP, Cardno has signed Section 6 Submittal Categories and Acknowledgement Form and we have attached that document immediately behind this introduction to our team and services. Cardno has assembled for you a team of experts in aquatic ecology, hydrologic modeling, data management and interpretationRead MoreThe Scope of Ecology2505 Words   |  11 Pages1. Define ecology. Identify the two features of organisms studied by ecologists. Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment, which in turn determine both the distribution of organisms and their abundance. Ecologists study how interactions between organisms and the environment affect phenomena such as the number of species living in a particular area, cycling of nutrients in a habitat, and the growth of populations. 2. Describe the relationship betweenRead MoreThe Red Lake County Soil And Water Conservation District1487 Words   |  6 Pagespart of our environment. They help in water purification, flood protection, shoreline stabilization, groundwater recharge, streamflow maintenance, and provide a habitat for many fish and wildlife species. They are home to many aquatic plants and insects and are enjoyed by many people for recreational use. A wetland is defined as an area where water covers the land or is present at or near the surface for varying times during the year or all year long. Water saturation determines how the soil developsRead MoreWildlife Conservation and Biology Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesanimals with backbones and studies individual species of wildlife, their habitats, and surrounding ecosystems (Fitzgerald). It also studies how animals may interact with their ecosystem. Without wildlife biology we would not have extensive knowledge of other animal species, and how the y could be linked to humans. Wildlife conservation in the United States has been based on the Public Trust Doctrine where in wildlife and fishes, water, and scenic places were deemed too valuable for greater good to beRead MoreUnderstanding The Condition Of Basalt Quarry1451 Words   |  6 Pagesecological restoration process of basalt quarry 2.4.1.2 Introduction: Timba is located about 110km, south east of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. This area is famous for the quarry. Currently quarry has been stoped there, but it disturbed the natural ecology environment, which was present there before quarry. Because of quarry barren land and degraded land is left, which has no meaning. The soil condition also degraded there, which effect the growth of trees. 41 hectares is the total area of exhaustedRead MoreThe Habitat Of Southern Toads1349 Words   |  6 PagesAbby Buren, Sheridan Dillon-Robinson, Amber Hancock, Brett Shannon Identifying the preferred habitat of southern toads Introduction St. Andrews university is a 500 acre campus consisting of many aquatic habitats, ideal for amphibians such as frogs and toads. Amphibians are susceptible to changes in the environment and are indicators of environmental diversity and success as well as identifiers of pollutants in the environment (Marshall, 2013). We were interested in the prefered conditions for localRead MoreAbstract. Wetlands Are An Important Part Of Our Ecosystem.They1505 Words   |  7 Pagesinclude: Water purification, flood protection, erosion control, recharge of groundwater and provides a habitat for many different animals and plants. People also use the wetlands for recreational purposes, such as for fishing, hunting and canoeing. A wetland is an area of land that is covered with water either all year or most of the year. The soil saturation really determines if it is a wetland. Farmers can benefit from keeping wetlands around by not having their fields flood and having water to irrigateRead MoreAquat ic Adaptations : Aquatic Insect Habitat And Adaptations2588 Words   |  11 PagesName: Pinkal Mishra Student # 0512518 Course: Biology of insects Essay 10 % Instructor: David Beresford Aquatic insects habitat and adaptations Aquatic insect habitat and adaptations: Various types of adaptations are observed among insect species that make them unique and distinct from one another. Adaptation of insects are observed in almost all habitat except deep volcanoes. Firstly, let’s consider what adaptation does actually mean. â€Å"Adaptation is defined as feature thatRead MoreUnderwater Invader : A Small Group Of Aquatic Plants That Have Invaded Several Different Countries Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesUnderwater Invader: Cabomba caroliniana According to the Department of Ecology for the state of Washington, the Cabomba genus is a small group of aquatic plants that have invaded several different countries. â€Å"The genus Cabomba is in the family Cabombaceae in the major group Angiosperms† (The Plant List, 2013). There are five species of Cabomba: aquatic, furcate, haynesii, palaeformis, and caroliniana (The Plant List, 2013). The most local to our community being the Cabomba caroliniana. This plant

The Primary Difference Between Classroom And Online Classes

The primary difference between classroom and online classes is attending class in the classroom with a pre-set schedule. It is a lot easier to attend class online with a busy schedule. You can log on anytime you are available and watch videos, work on homework or discussions. If you had to attend classes, you would have to watch a live lecture in the classroom at a set time. That is the thing I love about Bethel is that I can do it when I have time. During my research, I noticed that the article talked about not having interaction with other students being a problem with online learning because you are not getting direct contact with instructors and classmates. Bethel has come up with a way to compromise that problem. I’ve learned that Bethel uses the discussion post and respond for the students to interact with one another. It may not be face to face or immediate feedback but it is a way for students to interact with each other. There are a few more differences between online learning and classroom setting. With online learning you have less tuition, a plus which is no commute to school and fewer fees. You do not have to purchase all those textbooks with Bethel, they have a huge online library where you as a student have access to all of the online books. (May, R.) Although the online schools and traditional settings have some differences, there main goal is the same. To provide students with an educational experience that enables them to grow in their chosen fieldShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Computerized System Learning?1688 Words   |  7 Pagesof technology in the classroom and in higher education, the learning in the classroom started with someone writing on a chalkboard and then posing a question or making a statement, also known as the chalk and talk method. That was the norm. Today that has changed. Technology and Computerized Systems learning has made learning on the university level more convenient and accessible then ever. To begin let’s start when â€Å"technology† was first getting integrated into the classroom setting. In 1890 theRead MoreArticle Summary: Read-Only Participants: a Case for Student Communication in Online Classes980 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication in Online Classes As technology advances more and more, computers and internet have become more accessible, affordable, and ever so popular in recent times. With easy accessibility to internet, the online learning environment is a growing trend. Schools all over the nation offer online programs and fast earning degrees. Students from different demographics and age groups fill online classrooms making it even more popular. However, with such diversity in the classroom how does the instructorRead MoreTechnology And Its Benefits For Students Learning Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesimportance of chemistry is that students should be able to make connections between concepts of chemistry and their applications and show an understanding of the role chemistry plays in the world around them. This research aims to develop a database for teachers to consult and develop uses for technology for different unit standards. This research will examine whether technology is being used to its full potential in science classrooms. The issue many believe in today’s education system in New Zealand isRead MoreEducation Is The Important Part Of Life Since Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesof people in the world do not have a chance to go to school. For instance, in Africa, according to the USAID Center reports that as of 2005, â€Å"40% of school-age children in Africa do not attend primary school and there are still 46 million school-age African children who have never stepped into a classroom.† Moreover, politics play a significant part in fanning the flames of extremism, but widespread poverty, high unemployment rates, and a lack of equal educational opportunities for girls are alsoRead MoreThe Use Of Online Discussion Boards ( Odbs )1682 Words   |  7 PagesThe use of online discussion boards (ODBs) in undergraduate and graduate curriculum has increased as technology permeates daily life. Learning material is no longer being transmitted solely via the traditional lecture format (Bil lings and Halstead, 2012). The widespread development of technology, especially in the areas of high-speed internet, social media, and communication, allows educators from many disciplines to implement new and innovative teaching strategies to promote student learning andRead MoreEducation Is An Important Part Of Life Since1563 Words   |  7 Pagesthat as of 2005, â€Å"40% of school-age children in Africa do not attend primary school and there are still 46 million school-age African children who have never stepped into a classroom.† Moreover, politics play a significant part in fanning the flames of extremism, but widespread poverty, high unemployment rates, and a lack of equal educational opportunities for girls are also important elements. In addition, the traditional classes are not â€Å"one-size-fits-all† for everyone. For example, some studentsRead MoreCollege Distance Education Courses : Evaluating Benefits And Costs From Institutional, Faculty And Students Perspectives Written By Essay1482 Words   |  6 Pagesits students with the incredibly useful competence that comes with being computer savvy. I was so certain I would fail my first online class for a number of reasons, but the primary reason was that I thought the program required for the class was too difficult to operate. It took hundreds of trial and error mouse clicks before I could navigate through my digital classroom efficiently. Like any other subject, learning it takes time. Distance education provides its students with more than one opportunityRead MoreThe Importance Of High School Experience1647 Words   |  7 Pagesits form and function. Yet, despite such struggles, it goes about its primary duty of educating the young citizens of our nation.† (Erb). It is 4 years long, and starts from the 9th grade to the 12th. This is the four years that most people have experienced. Where students are taught the general core classes. The general College experience can vary, because every student has their own Major, which determines how many years, classes, they need to obtain that degree. Going to college can range from 2Read MoreThe Learning Environment Of For Online Instruction1513 Words   |  7 Pagespractices are installing the correct learning content management system, consistency, targeted audience, creation of a team for social communications, training, and encouragement for all stakeholders. Electronics is the learning environment of for online instruction. All of these empirical discussions involved collaboration and learner participation. After all, eLearning is fundamental. Part One : Articles According to the researchers Sultan, Woods, Koo (2011) digital learning is a constructivistRead MoreCase for Student Communication in Online Classes1246 Words   |  5 PagesArticle Summary: Case for Student Communication in Online Classes. 7/30/2013 â€Å"Technology has revolutionized the way we communicate, the way we live, and the way we learn.† (Maddix; 2010). During these recent years web- based learning has gained so much popularity that, online courses enrolments continue to climb, but retention and completion rates in such courses and programs are lower than traditional classroom schooling. Because of these problems educators have looked into the

Traditional Career Management Model-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Traditional Career Management Model. Answer: There are several issues and challenges that human resource managers face in the today world. These issues may comprise technological changes, diversification, legislations affecting the workplace and many others. This paper seeks to explore the issues concerning career development using traditional career management model. Career management is a continuous process that occurs throughout the career of an individual. Its the process through which employees become aware of their strengths, weaknesses, values, identify career goals and come up with an action plan to achieve those goals. The model shows the process workers progress in stages and each stage is characterized by different tasks, roles, activities. There are four stages of career management. They include; self-assessment, reality check, goal setting and action planning. (Greenhaus, 2009) The first stage is self-assessment whereby employees try to use the information available to identify their career interests, behavior, tendencies, and aptitude. This is often a psychological test. Reality check is the second stage where employees receive information about how the company evaluates their knowledge and skills and where they have a proper fit with the company's plans. Goal setting is the next stage which involves the process of employees coming up with long term and short term objectives to be achieved in their careers. The action plan is the last stage. Employees determine the strategies that can help them meet the objectives set. The plan ought to be clear, complete and current and should be subject to the changing trends in the organization (Chang 2002, p. 10) References Bach, S. and Bordogna, L., 2011. Varieties of new public management or alternative models? The reform of public service employment relations in industrialized democracies.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,22(11), pp.2281-2294. Bjgvinsson, E., Ehn, P. and Hillgren, P.A., 2012. Design things and design thinking: Contemporary participatory design challenges.Design Issues,28(3), pp.101-116. Bridgstock, R., 2009. The graduate attributes weve overlooked: Enhancing graduate employability through career management skills.Higher Education Research Development,28(1), pp.31-44. Chang Boon Lee, P., 2002.Career management strategy among information technology professionals. Career Development international, 7(1), pp.6-13 Colakoglu, S.N., 2011. The impact of career boundarylessness on subjective career success: The role of career competencies, career autonomy, and career insecurity.Journal of Vocational Behavior,79(1), pp.47-59. Collings, D.G. and Mellahi, K., 2009. Strategic talent management: A review and research agenda.Human resource management review,19(4), pp.304-313. De Vos, A. and Dries, N., 2013. Applying a talent management lens to career management: The role of human capital composition and continuity.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(9), pp.1816-1831. De Vos, A. and Soens, N., 2008. Protean attitude and career success: The mediating role of self-management.Journal of Vocational behavior,73(3), pp.449-456. Farndale, E., Scullion, H. and Sparrow, P., 2010. The role of the corporate HR function in global talent management.Journal of world business,45(2), pp.161-168. Gruman, J.A. and Saks, A.M., 2011. Performance management and employee engagement.Human Resource Management Review,21(2), pp.123-136. Katou, A.A. and Budhwar, P.S., 2007. The effect of human resource management policies on organizational performance in Greek manufacturing firms.Thunderbird international business review,49(1), pp.1-35. Lent, R.W. and Brown, S.D., 2013. Social cognitive model of career self-management: Toward a unifying view of adaptive career behavior across the life span.Journal of counseling psychology,60(4), p.557. Lent, R.W., 2013. Career?life preparedness: Revisiting career planning and adjustment in the new workplace.The Career Development Quarterly,61(1), pp.2-14. O'leary, M.B., Mortensen, M. and Woolley, A.W., 2011. Multiple team membership: A theoretical model of its effects on productivity and learning for individuals and teams.Academy of Management Review,36(3), pp.461-478. Weng, Q., McElroy, J.C., Morrow, P.C. and Liu, R., 2010. The relationship between career growth and organizational commitment.Journal of Vocational Behavior,77(3), pp.391-400.

COPD Symptoms and Impacts †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the COPD Symptoms and Impacts. Answer: Introduction This report aims to analyze the case study of Mr. Polaris who is a 62 year old man and has been diagnosed with chronic pulmonary disease. We have focused on two potential health concerns of the person related to the chronic pulmonary disease and have described why they are of potential concern. two topics regarding which the patient will be provided education by the registered nurse to facilitate self management of the chronic disease. The case have also focused and have provided justification regarding the two appropriate client education strategies that has to be delivered by the registered nurse for a better outcome of the patient. Moreover the actual aim of this report is to understand how self management of chronic diseases like chronic pulmonary disease can bring about improved outcomes in patients. COPD is normally an umbrella term that can be used to describe a variety of progressive lung diseases like chronic bronchitis, emphysema, refractory asthma and few forms of bronchiectasis. It has been reported that many people just overlook the increased breathlessness and the production of cough, as their normal signs of ageing. COPD can turn into adverse conditions if left untreated. George Polaris, is a 62 years old man, has been admitted into the emergency department with increase in shortness of breath. It was reported that he had fever with productive cough. On admission he was being first treated with type IV antibiotic, but later when he underwent a series of tests and examinations, it was found that he is having chronic pulmonary disease (COPD). After being discharged from the hospital he is being followed up at the local GP clinic. George reports to the registered nurse that he has had several episodes of respiratory distress where he was suffering from shor6ness of breath and cough on exertion. It has also been reported that before his admission to the hospital his cough and the respiratory problem turned worse. He has also reported that he had lost weights over the past few months. His current weight is 65 kg, with a height of 178 cms. Past medical history suggests that he had been suffering from respiratory distress for quite a long time. He had a history of gastro-esophageal reflux disease. George said that he was a smoker and generally smokes up to 20 cigarettes a day since he was 14 years old. According to the report George did not have any allergies or alcohol addiction. Current medications include Salbutamol 100 micrograms MDI, 2 puffs as required up to 4 times. Tiotropium 18mcg inhaled by the mouth and Esomeprazole magnesium 40mg. The vital signs includes that his body temperature is 36.7?, which indicates a normal body temperature. His blood pressure is 135/88 mm hg, which indicates a slight high pressure. His pulse beat is 100 beats / minute which indicates a normal heart beat and his respiratory has been reported to be 22 breaths / minutes. In the early stages of the disease, the symptoms may not be properly understood but can develop for years. The symptoms can be understood in the most advanced stages of the disease. The acute symptoms of the COPD are cough with a lot of mucous, shortness of breath. The case study shows that George has been suffering from respiratory problems, since a long time. The other symptom of COPD includes chest tightness and wheezing. Worsening of the COPD may give rise to Pneumonia. A patient having Pneumonia associated with COPD may show symptoms like the fever chills. The report shows that George was admitted with high fever to the hospital which can be linked with the general symptoms of Pneumonia (Asnaashari, Talaei, Haghighi, 2012). All the probable symptoms can be linked with the symptoms of George which indicates that he had been suffering from COPD. Emphysema can also be caused due to the COPD, due to which the air pressure in the alveoli increases. As a result the person feels short ness of breath which increases with time (Suissa, Patenaude, Lapi, Ernst, 2013). According to the case study, George is elderly and is a smoker. He works as a laborer in the construction company and is shortness of breath has worsened. The symptoms had indicated towards bronchitis and he needed a holistic care of approach to treat the conditions. Further as George had been a chain smoker, proper education regarding the ill effects of smoking might create awareness in him, and he might quit smoking. The two potential health concerns for the patient in this paper are mainly smoking and the inhalation of the noxious industrial agents. Smoking- Smoking can trigger flare ups in the COPD. Smoking damage the alveoli present in the lungs and the cell lining if the lungs. A COPD symptom will depend upon the condition of the lungs. The following case study reports that George was chain smoker. So it can be easily estimated that excessive smoking is one of the cause for a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It has been reported that people who smokes cigarettes or who suffer from passive smoking both have got a high risk of developing COPD (Donaldson Wedzicha, 2007). Client education strategies The above case study shows that George has been suffering from COPD for quite a long time, and then also he has not quit smoking. Smoking worsens the situation. Therefore it is very important for a registered nurse to help the client to quit smoking. A registered nurse should impart knowledge about the ill effects of smoking to the patient (Prevention, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults--United States, 2011. MMWR. , 2012). She should chalk out proper plans and would help the patient in all possible ways to quit smoking. The patient should be advised to avoid exposure to secondary smoke. The case study provides with the information that George has had several episodes of respiratory trouble (Sedeno, Nault, Hamd, Bourbeau, 2009). The patient can be taught how to use the bronchodilators and to report accordingly to the physician. The patient should be taught to take the prescribed medications that would help him to quit smoking, in due time and report to the doctor regu larly. A registered nurse can take up various strategies to impart knowledge to the patient. One such is providing information about the disease. A workshop can be conducted inside the health care setting taking the elderly patients and the pathophysiology of the disease can be demonstrated. The patients can be taught how to use the nebulizers and the bronchodilators. Self management of the techniques and the tools would help him to get rid of the problems. The patient can be taught the ways to quit smoking (Vestbo, et al., Adherence to inhaled therapy, mortality and hospital admission in COPD., 2009). Medications can be recommended that will help them to quit smoking. As the nurse is dealing with the elderly patients, care should be taken to provide a holistic care of approach to the patient. A patient can develop several self management strategies like eating of well balanced meals, use of the nicotine replacement therapies, eating of low calorie snacks, other stress relieving beverages can be had instead of cigarettes. There are special chewing gums that can help one to quit smoking, although everything should be taken after consulting with the caregiver. As sudden cessation of any kind of addiction without proper preparation may give rise to some adverse effects. A patient should in every way suppress the willingness to have cigarettes. Patient can look over the internet regarding the ill effects of nicotine. A registered nurse can provide proper education to the client regarding the prevention of the clinical condition (Roche, Chavannes, Miravitlles, 2013). A patient can be encouraged to take healthy foods; other beverages can be taken to relive stress other than cigarettes or other addictives. The strategies taken up by the registered nurse for ceasing the smoking habits in the patient would be appropriate as smoking can trigger flare ups in the COPD. Smoking damage the alveoli present in the lungs and the cell lining if the lungs. If the patient can control his smoking habit, it would not cure COPD, but the intensity of the symptoms will get reduced. Inhalation of the noxious industrial agents The case study provides with the idea that the patient works in a construction site, where he gets exposed to a number of chemical fumes and chemical allergens for a prolonged period of time can trigger COPD. Exposure to irritants on the job also makes an individual susceptible to COPD. Lung irritants such as grains, textiles, cement dusts or chemical fumes can trigger the symptom (Agust, et al., 2012). As discussed in the above section, about the two potential health concerns linked to the case study, the clients should be given education regarding the topics in order to self manage the conditions. The job of George also exposes him to dusts and irritants which can increase the intensity of the disease (Association, 2013). The client can be taught to use mask while working at the construction sides to avoid the lung irritants. The case study provides with the information that George has had several episodes of respiratory trouble (Sedeno, Nault, Hamd, Bourbeau, 2009). The patient can be asked to avoid the lung irritants, like paint or the households cleansers that emits chemical fumes. A patient should be taught the use of a humidifier. Humid air helps to loosen the mucus and the coughs of the upper airways (Effing et al., 2007).The patient can be taught how to use the bronchodilators and to report accordingly to the physician. The patient should be taught to take the prescribed m edications in due time and report to the doctor regularly. A registered nurse can provide proper education to the client regarding the prevention of the clinical condition (Roche, Chavannes, Miravitlles, 2013). The registered nurse can teach the patient to maintain a good hygiene like coughing and sneezing on a tissue, use of separate drinking glasses, washing of hand with warm soapy water or alcohol based gel during the unavailability of soap and water. As the nurse is dealing with the elderly patients, care should be taken to provide a holistic care of approach to the patient. Self management to avoid the obnoxious chemicals As per the education provided by the nurse the patient can avoid being exposed to harmful chemical fumes and other lung irritants for a prolonged period of time. The patient can carry face masks to prevent the allergens or should always try to use the mask while working on the construction site. The hydration of the body should be maintained. The patient should take enough fluids to maintain the electrolyte balance of the body. The patient should adhere to the medications that have been provided. Client should definitely use the bronchodilators as and when required. Since, the major problem that this client is facing is related to respiratory distress and cough. Therefore the patient care should be focused on how to prevent this. The knowledge of different exercises and the use of bronchodilators and the humiditors would definitely give relief from the incessant coughing and breathing trouble. Conclusion The above case study and its analysis have helped to provide knowledge about the different types of the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. According to the case study, George is elderly and is a smoker. He works as a laborer in the construction company and is shortness of breath has worsened. The symptoms had indicated towards bronchitis and he needed a holistic care of approach to treat the conditions. Since, the major problem that this client is facing is related to respiratory distress and cough. Therefore the patient care should be focused on how to prevent this. The knowledge of different exercises and the use of bronchodilators and the humidators would definitely help him to give relief from the incessant coughing and breathing trouble. Further as George had been a chain smoker, proper education regarding the ill effects of smoking might create awareness in him, and he might quit smoking. The normal pathophysiology and the symptoms have been linked with symptoms that George has displayed. From that it can be concluded that he might be suffering from chronic bronchitis. The essay had provided a vivid description of the interventions that can be taken up to impart knowledge to the patient, regarding the self management of the disease. Looking after the family background and his health condition, the topic aims to provide the possible strategies to impart knowledge to the patient and have concluded that this can be accomplished by setting up joint workshops, where different informations regarding the disease and different demonstrations to self manage the disease has to be demonstrated. Further it can be concluded that proper care, along with pharmacological therapies, good exercises and a proper discharge plan can improve the outcome of the patient and improve their way of living to some extent. References Agust, A., Edwards, L. D., Rennard, S. I., MacNee, W., Tal-Singer, R., Miller, B. E., et al. (2012). Persistent systemic inflammation is associated with poor clinical outcomes in COPD: a novel phenotype. PloS one, , 7(5), e37483. Asnaashari, A. M., Talaei, A., Haghighi, M. B. (2012). Evaluation of psychological status in patients with asthma and COPD. Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, , 11(1), 65-71. Association, A. L. (2013). Trends in COPD (chronic bronchitis and emphysema). Morbidity and mortality,. 2. Barr, R. G., Celli, B. R., Mannino, D. M., Petty, T., Rennard, S. I., Sciurba, F. C., et al. (2009). Comorbidities, patient knowledge, and disease management in a national sample of patients with COPD. The American journal of medicine, , 122(4), 348-355. Bennett, A. V., Amtmann, D., Diehr, P., Patrick, D. L. (2012). omparison of 7-day recall and daily diary reports of COPD symptoms and impacts. Value in Health, , 15(3), 466-474. Bourbeau, J., Bartlett, S. J. (2009). Patient adherence in COPD. Thorax , 63(9), 831-838. De Marco, R., Pesce, G., Marcon, A., Accordini, S., Antonicelli, L., Bugiani, M., et al. (2013). The coexistence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): prevalence and risk factors in young, middle-aged and elderly people from the general population. PloS one, , 8(5), e62985. Donaldson, G. C., Wedzicha, J. A. (2007). COPD exacerbations 1: Epidemiology. Thorax , 61(2), 164-168. Effing, T., Monninkhof, E. M., Van der Valk, P. D., Van der Palen, J., Van Herwaarden, C. L., Partidge, M. R., et al. (2007). Self-management education for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. . Cochrane Database Syst Rev, , 4(4). Effing, T., Monninkhof, E. M., Van der Valk, P. D., Van der Palen, J., Van Herwaarden, C. L., Partidge, M. R., et al. (2007). Self-management education for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. . Cochrane Database Syst Rev, , 4(4). Prevention, C. f. (2012). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults--United States, 2011. MMWR. . Morbidity and mortality weekly report, , 61(46), 938. Roche, N., Chavannes, N. H., Miravitlles, M. (2013). COPD symptoms in the morning: impact, evaluation and management. . Respiratory research, , 14(1), 112. Sedeno, M. F., Nault, D., Hamd, D. H., Bourbeau, J. (2009). A self-management education program including an action plan for acute COPD exacerbations. COPD:. Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, , 6(5), 352-358. Seemungal, T., Harper-Owen, R., Bhowmik, A., Moric, I., Sanderson, G. M., Wedzicha, J. A. (2007). Respiratory viruses, symptoms, and inflammatory markers in acute exacerbations and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, , 164(9), 1618-1623. Suissa, S., Patenaude, V., Lapi, F., Ernst, P. (2013). nhaled corticosteroids in COPD and the risk of serious pneumonia. Thorax, , 68(11), 1029-1036. Trappenburg, J. C., Koevoets, L., de Weert-van Oene, G. H., Monninkhof, E. M., Bourbeau, J., Troosters, T., et al. (2009). Action Plan to enhance self-management and early detection of exacerbations in COPD patients; a multicenter RCT. BMC Pulmonary Medicine, , 9(1), 52. Vestbo, J., Anderson, J. A., Calverley, P. M., Celli, B., Ferguson, G. T., Jenkins, C., et al. (2009). Adherence to inhaled therapy, mortality and hospital admission in COPD. thorax , 64(11), 939-943.